The threat of a pay strike by higher education support staff, including cleaners, porters and caterers, has receded after a vote against walkouts by members of the biggest union involved in the dispute.
The UCU said its members rejected a strike by 56 per cent, although voted in favour of action short of a strike.
Members of other unions, including Unite and the GMB, backed strike action in protest at a 1 per cent pay offer.
GMB national officer Sharon Holder said it was "disappointing" that they would not be able to take collective action against the employers.