Skip to main content
Non-violent campaigns have higher rate of success
IAN SINCLAIR tries to answer the crucial question: why are we so ignorant about the rich history of non-violent struggle?
WINNING FORMULA: The civil rights march on Washington of August 28 1963 – Jewish civil rights activist Joseph L Rauh Jr (centre, front row) marching with Martin Luther King (second from left front row)

Writing about the recent death of Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, Guardian columnist Afua Hirsch made an extraordinary claim about the ending of apartheid in South Africa in 1994.

“Columnists did not cut it. Activists could not have done it. Peaceful protest did not do it. Sports boycotts, books, badges and car boot sales did not do it,” she argued. “It took revolutionaries, pure and simple. People willing to break the law, to kill and be killed.”

Fellow Guardian writer Owen Jones tweeted in support: “Apartheid was brought down by revolutionaries, not peaceful protest. Brilliant piece by @afuahirsch.”

The protests that toppled Tunisian Ben Ali’s government in Tunisia in 2011 were largely non-violent

Successful non-violent campaigns
have the ability to confront and coerce centres of power

The 95th Anniversary Appeal
Support the Morning Star
You have reached the free limit.
Subscribe to continue reading.
Similar stories
broad ap
Books / 29 May 2026
29 May 2026

NADIA JOSEPH welcomes a survey of the role that TV played in the debate over apartheid and race relations in Britain

Pic: Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital only hospital in Soweto and the largest in sub Saharan Africa in 2017 / Pic: amanderson2/CC
Features / 22 May 2026
22 May 2026

ROGER MCKENZIE recalls the one-in-a-generation communist leader murdered at the dawn of a new South Africa 33 years ago last April 10

The main entrance of The Guardian Newspaper office on York Way, north London
Features / 21 July 2025
21 July 2025

At the very moment Britain faces poverty, housing and climate crises requiring radical solutions, the liberal press promotes ideologically narrow books while marginalising authors who offer the most accurate understanding of change, writes IAN SINCLAIR

phoenix
Books / 4 July 2025
4 July 2025

MOLLY DHLAMINI welcomes a Pan-Africanist and Marxist manifesto that charts a path for Africa’s resurgence